Finnish as a Second Language (S2) in preschool refers to programs that help children whose mother tongue is not Finnish to learn the Finnish language at an early age. This is especially important in Finland, where many children come from other countries or cultural backgrounds and grow up in an environment where Finnish language and culture are deeply integrated.

In preschool children are not only taught basic language comprehension but are also supported in social learning, cultural integration, and the development of communication skills. Instruction is often playful and interactive, enabling children to learn the language in a natural and engaging way.

Key Features of Finnish as a Second Language in Preschool

Language development through play: In preschool, children learn through games, songs, movement exercises, and creative activities. This helps them hear and use Finnish in a natural context.

Integration into Finnish culture: In addition to the language, children learn about Finnish traditions, holidays, and cultural customs. This supports their social integration and helps them understand their environment.

Support from multilingual educators: Many preschools have staff who can support children in their mother tongue to reduce language barriers and foster language development.

Individualized support: Each child receives individual support in their language development based on their skills and needs. Some children may need more assistance, while others progress more quickly.

Combination of language learning methods: Instruction often combines visual aids, songs, storytelling, role-playing, and other creative methods to practice language use in various contexts.

Target Groups and Integration

Children with a migration background: Many preschool children in Finland come from different countries and speak another language at home. For these children, learning Finnish as a second language is particularly important to facilitate their integration into Finnish society.

Early language support: Preschool in Finland is for children aged six, but even younger children in daycare may receive targeted language support if they speak little or no Finnish.

Methods of Language Support

Language immersion method (Kielikylpy): In many preschools, language support is provided through the “language bath” method. In this approach, children are immersed in the Finnish language, meaning that teachers communicate with them exclusively in Finnish—even if the children do not initially understand it. This helps them learn the language naturally, like how a child would learn their mother tongue.

Interactive and playful approaches: Language support is often provided through games, songs, stories, and creative activities such as painting or crafts. Children learn the language through experiencing and using it in everyday situations.

Visual support: Pictures, gestures, and symbols are often used to help children understand the connection between words and their meanings.

Cultural Integration

It’s not only about language integration but also about learning Finnish culture. In preschool, children learn a lot about Finnish traditions, holidays, and social life. For example, they celebrate Finnish festivals together, such as Midsummer (Juhannus) or Christmas. These cultural experiences help strengthen the children’s sense of belonging to Finnish society, which is crucial for successful social integration.

In Finland, great importance is placed on early language support for children, especially those with a different mother tongue. A mix of playful, creative methods and intensive language immersion is used to help children integrate quickly and effectively into the Finnish language and society. These programs contribute not only to language development but also to cultural understanding and social integration.

In Jyväskylä, there is strong support for children learning Finnish as a second language. The city offers a combination of language integration, cultural inclusion, and individualized support. Preschools and kindergartens in Jyväskylä use modern methods such as language immersion and work with multilingual professionals to ensure that every child receives the best possible support.